MODELING METHODS OF TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT LOCATION SUBSYSTEM OF DATA COLLECTION FOR REMOTE MONITORING OF AGRICULTURE BASED ON IoT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of modeling methods for placing technical equipment of the data collection subsystem for remote monitoring of agriculture based on the IoT. It is noted that smart farming is based on such advanced technologies as remote sensing, data analysis and management, cloud computing, IoT technologies, wireless sensor networks, farm management information systems that integrate with mobile devices and autonomous agricultural machines to improve monitoring and management decisions quality. It was emphasized that IoT is a key technology in smart agriculture, as it enables the exchange of data between sensors and other devices, increasing the value of the information obtained through automatic processing, analysis and access, which leads to more timely and cost-effective management of farms. The structure of the IoT for information support of smart farming is presented, which is built using a typical wireless sensor network located in the field for agricultural use. The main problem that can arise when using a wireless sensor network is identified – the development of an optimal strategy for placing sensors. A method for solving this problem is presented – the rapid combination of objects into groups with sufficiently close characteristics of the state parameters, the selection in each group of some control object with "average" characteristics for the group and the transfer of information about the group as a whole. A grouping algorithm with the selection of the main objects is proposed, which is performed in the following sequence. The first stage of decision making is implemented as a process of constructing a graph or several graphs that satisfy the group properties of the vertices included in it. At the second stage, the control of the non-intersection of the obtained sets (groups) and the formal recording of the obtained solutions are carried out. It is proposed to determine the location of the main object in the group using methods for calculating the "center of mass". The results of calculations performed using the proposed grouping method are presented. This method allows to form a hierarchical structure for a sensor network using wireless technologies at the lower level of the monitoring subsystem and cellular technology at the middle and upper levels.