MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE AIRCRAFT’S POLARIMETRIC LANDING SYSTEM

Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of increasing the efficiency and safety of the aircraft's approach and landing. Improving the accuracy of measuring the aircraft's deviation from the landing glide, as well as ensuring the measurement of the aircraft's attitude and the parameters of its movement during landing, with high accuracy and sensitivity will increase the efficiency and safety of aircraft landing. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the main landing systems, which use for landing both manned and unmanned aerial vehicles. As a result of the analysis, it was found that most landing systems provide only the determination of the position of the aircraft relative to the landing plane and do not provide the determination of its attitude during the approach. Thus, to ensure the safety and efficiency of the approach and landing stages, it is necessary to develop a new landing system. To solve this problem, the paper proposes a polarimetric principle for forming a landing glide, as well as a model of a polarimetric landing system. The polarimetric landing system consists of course and glide channels, each of which contains a two-channel radiation unit and a twochannel measurement unit. The channels of the radiation unit differ in the polarization plane azimuth of the radiation, and the measurement channels differ in the installation angles of the dielectric plates in the horizontal and vertical planes. The proposed system potentially allows us to determine both navigation and piloting aircraft's parameters: angular spatial position and deviation from the landing trajectory, with high accuracy and sensitivity. High accuracy is ensured by using a polarimetric measurement method, and high sensitivity - by using a modulator in the measurement unit and the compensation method of measurement. Also, the algorithm of the polarimetric landing system is given and it is shown that the use of twochannel course and glide channels of the polarimetric landing system and the given algorithm allows to unambiguously determine the angular deviations of the aircraft from the glide path and its angular spatial position during approach and landing. The result of this work is the development of a mathematical model of the polarimetric landing system, which can be used for further modeling of the system operation to determine the optimal parameters of its operation.