ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON TEXTILE RAW MATERIAL PRODUCTION

Abstract

The article presents a study of the latest technology for the extraction of unoriented bast from hemp seed stalks with a certain length range and a standardized content of fescue.The purpose of the study is to develop a technology for the extraction of unoriented bast from hemp seed stalks with a certain length range and a standardized content of fescue. To achieve this goal, the main factors that influence the process of hemp bast extraction were investigated and theoretically substantiated.In the studies of the experimental crushing and scraping unit, hemp straw was used. The processing of hemp stalks on the experimental crushing and scraping unit was carried out under four operating modes of the crushing unit, the constant factors were: the diameter of the rollers, the depth of the grooves 10 mm and the humidity of the material 30 %. Based on the data obtained, it was noted that the percentage of husk decreases with increasing frequency of rotation of the crushing rollers, regardless of stem fractions. For large-stem straw, with increasing frequency of rotation of the crushing rollers from n1 to n2, a significant decrease in the percentage of husk from 39.6 to 37.1 % is observed.From the analysis of the data obtained, it can be concluded that the operation of the experimental crushing and scraping unit is influenced by the properties of the raw material.The study of the husk cleaning process was carried out using two types of shaking devices with an upper comb field, with the same operating parameters. Except that one of them was equipped with a vibration unit, due to which the upper branch of the needle conveyor is deflected by 15 mm. The use of the vibration unit allows removing an additional 5 to 12 % of husk during the shaking process from the husk separated from straw of different physical and mechanical properties. The results of the experiments showed that vibration effects significantly affect the process of cleaning the bast.The combination of vibration and shaking processes intensifies the process of cleaning hemp bast and allows reducing the amount of lumpiness of the resulting bast by 1.5 times.