ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF OPERATING LOADS ON THE WEAR OF PARTS OF SHIP PUMPING EQUIPMENT

Abstract

Intensive wear of ship pumping equipment in the marine environment, caused by the action of vibration, hydrodynamic, thermal and inertial loads in combination with limited access to maintenance during voyages, creates significant risks for the functional reliability of auxiliary systems, which makes it highly relevant to study the patterns of degradation of parts and develop effective technical solutions to ensure long-term operation of ship installations. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the main operational loads acting on the components of the pumping equipment of ships, identifying factors that accelerate wear, and substantiating ways to increase the resource and reliability of pumping systems. The work uses methods of structural analysis of pump components, spectral analysis of vibrations, critical generalization of vibration, thermal and hydrodynamic load data, as well as risk-based approaches to wear assessment. The impact of different operating modes on the nature of the degradation of parts is compared. As a result of the study, the main groups of loads that critically affect the durability of pumping equipment were systematized. It was shown that the intensity of wear increases most under the influence of vibration imbalance, cavitation and high local temperatures. Key points of accelerated wear were established - bearings, seals, blades, shafts. The feasibility of implementing vibration diagnostics systems, lubricant analysis, frequency control of drives and improving the designs of parts was substantiated. Practical recommendations were formulated for the implementation of vibration control systems, lubricant condition monitoring and the use of FMEA analysis principles to justify the transition to a condition-oriented strategy for technical maintenance of pumping equipment. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic approach to the typology of operational loads and the determination of their role in the formation of wear at the micro level. The practical value lies in the formation of applied recommendations for increasing the technical resource of pumps without constructive intervention, which can be implemented in the existing fleet.