ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF MECHANICAL PROCESSING EQUIPMENT IN THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING TEXTILE RAW MATERIALS

Abstract

The production of the same type of fiber involves the processing of raw linen with the aim of removing the fiber from it with maximum cleaning of it from fire and other non-fibrous impurities with minimal damage. The article analyzes the theoretical prerequisites for obtaining the same type of fiber with the use of various aggregates during the mechanical processing of material stalks. In order to improve the processing conditions of the stems in the milling part of the unit, the raw materials must first be parallelized with the location of the layer elements in the axial direction of the unit. Parallelization of the stems is achieved by extracting a layer of the processed material due to the difference in the linear speeds of the grinding pairs; at the same time, the speed of material movement in each subsequent grinding pair is greater than in the previous one. The layer of material pre-washed in the grinding part of the unit enters the tripping part. From the last grinding pair, the layer enters the feed unit, which feeds the material to the triple drum. The working organs of the triple drum are the radially arranged hammer bars and combs. When using corrugated rollers, the stems follow the path of a broken line. When processing fiber on shaking machines with an upper comb field and a needle conveyor, the speed of movement of the material in the shaking part of it is determined by the angle of advance, the amount of shaking needles between the conveyor needles and the speed of the conveyor. When the triple drum rotates at a high speed, the impact bars and combs alternately affect the layer of the material being processed, and due to the change in the direction of the relative speed, the absolute speed of the layer elements changes under the action of the bar and combs. It has been established that in order to enhance the crushing process, the upper rollers are rotated from the lower rollers due to the friction of the grooves through the layer of the processed material, and not with the help of gears. The efficiency of the shaking machines depends on a number of factors, which include the speed of material advancement in the comb field, the number of swings of the comb roller needles per unit of time, the density of the material loading, the advance angle, the swing of the needles and the position of the grid in relation to the tips of the needles. When the depth of penetration of the grooves increases, the pressure on the layer of the processed material increases. The expediency of using planar-type milling rollers in the process of obtaining the same type of flax fiber with a gradual increase in their circumferential speed in the direction of material movement, which ensures the sliding of the material relative to the edge of the groove of the roller, and ensures the intensification of the process of breaking the bond between the fiber and the wood of the stem, is substantiated.