THE ISSUE OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR DUE DILIGENCE FOR THE MARITIME CONDITION OF THE VESSEL BETWEEN PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSPORTATION OF CARGO BY MARINE TRANSPORT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2023.4.35Keywords:
ship’s seaworthiness, shipowner’s responsibility, carrier’s responsibility, due care, degree of care, damages, claim.Abstract
This paper examines the issue of responsibility for due diligence in bringing the vessel to seaworthy condition in the context of the practical application of maritime law. The article examines the existing regulatory acts regarding the responsibility and obligations of carriers, ship owners, as well as ship crews in ensuring the safety of cargo and navigational safety. Special attention is paid to international conventions and agreements regulating safety standards at sea. The article provides an overview of the practice and analysis of cases related to the violation of obligations to maintain the ship in proper condition before departure. Legal and other consequences of improper maintenance of the vessel are considered. Issues of the burden of proof, cases of lack of due diligence, the time factor in bringing the vessel to a proper seaworthy condition, theories of seafaring stages and the degree of manifestation of due diligence are also considered. In addition, the technical aspect and elements of the concept of «seaworthiness of the ship» are considered: interpretation of the seaworthiness of the ship’s hull, hatch covers, engines and generators, pumps and pipelines, navigation equipment, training of the ship’s crew, bunkering and cargo stowage. The issue of due care for the seaworthiness of the vessel in the context of the use of unsuitable methods during the operation and preparation of the vessel for the voyage, the ratio of responsibility in cases of arrest of the vessel, cases of due diligence by another authorized person are separately considered. The study is important for specialists and scientists in the field of maritime business, the organization of transportation by sea transport, interested in minimizing risks and ensuring reliable protection of the interests of the parties in the international maritime community.
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