DETERMINATION OF SAFE OPERATION LIMITS FOR A FOREST MACHINE WITH ASYMMETRIC POSITIONING OF THE WORKING TOOL ON SLOPED TERRAIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2024.3.10Keywords:
forest machine, force superposition, asymmetric load, terrain slope, stability loss.Abstract
The features of operating forest machines on terrains with complex relief are considered. The greatest impact on the occurrence of emergency situations in the forest is due to the slope of the terrain and unevenness of the support surface. The main focus is on the problems of loss of stability of forest machines on slopes due to the asymmetric placement of mounted equipment, such as manipulators and telescopic booms. The main factors affecting stability, such as surface slope and asymmetric loads from the machine’s working units, are investigated. An analytical model is proposed to determine the boundaries of safe operation, which includes the application of the superposition principle of forces. This principle allows studying the stability of a three-axle harvester during its technological operations on an inclined support surface. Three options for resolving the static indeterminacy of the constructed force system are proposed. The developed methodology allows calculating the maximum weight of a tree trunk that can be safely processed by the machine, as well as determining the safe parameters for the manipulator boom’s reach, depending on the angle of the manipulator’s rotation, the weight of the wood, and the terrain’s slope. Additionally, diagrams are constructed to provide a visual representation of permissible operating conditions for forest machines, which can be used during work planning to reduce the risk of accidents related to overturning. It is demonstrated that the correct placement of the machine relative to the load and consideration of weight distribution can significantly enhance work safety, contributing to increased productivity in uneven terrain conditions. The obtained results can be used not only to improve the safety of forest machine operations but also in the future for automating their work, reducing operator workload, and increasing the efficiency of forest machine operations in difficult terrain conditions.
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