INVARIANT AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR OIL ROAD HEATER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2025.3.1.7Keywords:
oil heater, automatic control system, invariance, PI/PD controller, process qualityAbstract
The analysis of the structural diagram of the oil heater showed that there is a direct channel – the supply of gas to the combustion chamber – the oil temperature at the heater outlet, and disturbance channels – the oil temperature at the heater inlet and the change in the flow rate of oil entering the heater. Two schemes for stabilizing the outlet temperature of the heater are proposed – a cascade-connected system and a system with PI/PD controllers in the direct control loop. The cascade-connected automatic temperature stabilization system at the heater outlet consists of two loops – the main and auxiliary. The main loop is formed by the direct channel “fuel gas–outlet temperature”, which includes a PI controller. To build the auxiliary loop, the channel “natural gas–flue gas temperature” is used, which has much lower inertia than the main loop. The system with PI/PD controllers has a PI controller in its structure that directly acts on the actuator, and a PD controller, which is included in the negative feedback loop of the controlled object. A comparative analysis of the two schemes showed that the second option provides better control quality indicators compared to the first option. Therefore, the second option was chosen as the main one. Since the automatic control system is subject to disturbances, an invariant automatic control system with respect to the oil temperature and changes in oil flow rate at the heater inlet is proposed. Based on the principle of dual-channeling, the structural diagram of the invariant system was synthesized, and the transfer functions of the compensator were determined. To verify the correctness of the obtained solutions, a simulation model of the invariant automatic temperature stabilization system at the heater outlet was created in the MatLab/Simulink environment. When disturbances change as functions of time, the simulation results showed that the compensators completely “eliminate” the time-varying disturbances.
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