EXPLORING THE ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE FEATURE-SLICED DESIGN ARCHITECTURAL METHODOLOGY IN COMMERCIAL FRONTEND PROJECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2025.4.1.5Keywords:
wave energy; autonomous wave power plant; point absorber; wave energy potential; frequency response; power take-off (PTO) system; resonance oscillations; hydrodynamic modelling; daily generation profile; coastal energy systemsAbstract
The results of the study of an autonomous point-absorber wave energy converter for supplying power to low to medium wave energy potential coastal regions are the focus of this paper. This subject is relevant because there is increasing demand for self-reliant, sustainable and eco-friendly sources of energy, especially in areas with no connectivity to centralized grids. The study details all aspects of wave energy conversion, from its environmental assessment to the production of electricity and the analysis of the daily production. During the simulation phase at wave heights of 0.7–1.5 m at periods of 5–6 s, in accordance with the classical wave power density is achieved 2.5–8.3 kW/m. Wave potential increases with growing wave height in a quadratic fashion, and for H = 2 m the maximum achievable value is above 14 kW/m, representing typical characteristics of coastal semi-enclosed seas. Modeling within the frequency domain of buoy velocity provided a resonant maximum at about 0.20 Hz indicating that the parameters applied (mass–inertia) selected were suitable to absorb energetic wave energy at this range. The mechanical and electrical power calculations further confirm that the PTO system can achieve 28–41% efficiency depending on the wave loading and work modes, with a 5 kW generator. The daily energy output level is 80–92 kWh, reaching day peak power of approximately 6 kWh/period and night power of 2.8–3.3 kWh, as expected due to stochasticity inherent in the wave climate. Based on these conditions then, the power is stable when the power is stored in a battery-energy storage buffer system. The findings validate that compact autonomous wave energy systems are feasible to work in coastal facilities operating at moderate wave potential regions, and establish the base for additional optimization of the design of the buoy, improvement of PTO efficiency, and formulation of adaptive generation control strategies.
References
International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 62600-101: Marine Energy – Wave, Tidal and Other Water Current Converters – Part 101: Wave Energy Resource Assessment and Characterisation. Geneva: IEC, 2015. URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/22293
International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC TS 62600-2: Marine Energy – Wave, Tidal and Other Water Current Converters – Part 2: Design Requirements for Marine Energy Systems. Geneva: IEC, 2016. URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/24764
European Marine Energy Centre. EMEC Wave Energy Converter Performance Database and Guidelines. Orkney: EMEC, 2020. URL: https://www.emec.org.uk/marine-energy/wave-devices/
Капітанчук К., Андріїшин М. Характеристики потужності хвильової електростанції з гнучкою енергопоглинальною поверхнею в умовах внутрішнього моря. Наукоємні технології. № 61(1). Київ, 2024. С. 94–101. https://doi.org/10.18372/2310-5461.61.18517
Kapitanchuk K., Andriyishyn М. Determination of Parameters of a Small Power Plant on a River with an Energy- Absorbing Surface in the Form of a Sinusoidal Helicoid. Science-Based Technologies. № 65(1). Kyiv, 2025. P. 141–146. https://doi.org/10.18372/2310-5461.65.19935
Prasad K. A., Chand A. A., Kumar N. M., Narayan S., Mamun K. A. A critical review of power take-off wave energy technology leading to the conceptual design of a novel wave-plus-photon energy harvester for island/coastal communities’ energy needs. Sustainability. № 14(4). Basel, 2022. Article 2354. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/4/2354
Bonamano S., Peviani M. A., Agate G., Burgio C. G., Fersini G., Marcelli M. The evaluation of WaveSAX power generation to support port energy self-sufficiency. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. № 11(11). Basel, 2023. Article 2097. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11112097
Cascajo R., Molina R., Pérez-Rojas L. Sectoral Analysis of the Fundamental Criteria for the Evaluation of the Viability of Wave Energy Generation Facilities in Ports – Application of the Delphi Methodology. Energies. № 15(7). Basel, 2022. Article 2667. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072667
Nazare T., Nardo L., Arias-Garcia J., Nepomuceno E. Ensuring resilience in ocean energy power plants: a survey of cybersecurity measures. Proceedings of the European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference. Vol. 15. Paris, 2023. https://doi.org/10.36688/ewtec-2023-452
Clemente D., Teixeira-Duarte F., Rosa-Santos P., Taveira-Pinto F. Advancements on optimization algorithms applied to wave energy assessment: an overview on wave climate and energy resource. Energies. № 16(12). Basel, 2023. Article 4660. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16124660
Mi J., Wu X., Capper J., Li X., Shalaby A., Wang R., Zuo L. Experimental investigation of a reverse osmosis desalination system directly powered by wave energy. Applied Energy. № 343. Amsterdam, 2023. Article 121194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121194
Alshmeel G. H. A., Al-Doori A. S. B., Ahmed S. R., Abrahim Z. A., Ghaffoori A. J., Hussain A. S. T. Self-sustaining buoy system: harnessing water wave energy for smart, wireless sensing and data transmission. Proceedings of the Cognitive Models and Artificial Intelligence Conference. Lisbon, 2024. P. 349–356. https://doi.org/10.1145/3660853.3660940
De Oliveira L., Dos Santos I. F. S., Schmidt N. L., Tiago Filho G. L., Camacho R. G. R., Barros R. M. Economic feasibility study of ocean wave electricity generation in Brazil. Renewable Energy. № 178. Amsterdam, 2021. P. 1279–1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.009
Li H., Wu X., Zhang Z., Tan X., Pan Y., Dai C., Xu Y. An extended-range wave-powered autonomous underwater vehicle applied to underwater wireless sensor networks. iScience. № 25(8). Cambridge, 2022. Article 104596. URL: https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(22)01010-0
Garcia D. A., Dionysis G., Raskovic P., Duić N. Advanced technological options for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems upgrade towards climate neutrality. Energy Conversion and Management: X. № 22. Amsterdam, 2024. Article 100528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100528
