FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTUM-RESISTANT CRYPTOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGIES IN GERMANY

Abstract

The article examines modern approaches taken by Germany in its transition to quantum-resistant cryptographic technologies amid growing risks associated with the development of quantum computing. It considers the factors that necessitate abandoning classical cryptographic algorithms vulnerable to quantum attacks and analyzes the regulatory, technical, and organizational steps undertaken by the Federal Office for Information Security of Germany (BSI) to form a national transition strategy. Particular attention is given to cryptographic mechanisms considered promising for long-term protection, including code-based schemes, hash-based signatures, and lattice-based key exchange algorithms. Their key properties, potential areas of application, and limitations are outlined. Additionally, the role of hybrid cryptographic constructions as an intermediate tool for ensuring compatibility between classical and post-quantum algorithms is examined. The readiness of the German market to implement quantum-resistant solutions is analyzed, including challenges related to hardware modernization, the complexity of updating embedded systems, and the need for cryptographic flexibility. The importance of interstate coordination within the European Union and the necessity of standard harmonization to ensure a consistent level of security are emphasized. It is concluded that Germany is forming a systematic, strategically oriented approach to the implementation of postquantum cryptography, combining scientific research, technical standardization, and practical cooperation with industry. This model demonstrates an effective example of preparing for future quantum threats and can serve as a foundation for developing similar strategies in other countries.