WAYS TO MODERNIZE MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article examines the current state of the machine-building industry of Ukraine and identifies the key problems of its development in the context of globalization, digital transformation of the economy and military-economic challenges. The author substantiates the need for comprehensive modernization of machine-building enterprises as a strategic condition for increasing their competitiveness. The article addresses current issues of modernization of machine-building enterprises in Ukraine under modern economic, technological, and geopolitical challenges. The role of mechanical engineering as a fundamental sector of the national economy is emphasized, as it determines the level of technological development of the state, its export potential, and economic security. A comprehensive analysis of the current state of the machine-building industry is carried out, and the main problems of enterprise operation are identified, including a high level of depreciation of fixed assets, low production profitability, limited investment resources, and a shortage of qualified personnel. The paper generalizes theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of modernization and substantiates the necessity of its comprehensive implementation. The main directions of modernization of machine-building enterprises are identified, including technological renewal of production, digitalization and implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept, investment support, development of human capital, and active state industrial policy. The possibilities of applying modern engineering and information technologies are considered, including CAD/CAM/CAE systems, ERP and MES platforms, computer numerical control machines, and additive manufacturing technologies. An algorithm for implementing modernization measures at enterprises is proposed, which involves conducting a technical audit, developing a development strategy, phased implementation of innovations, and evaluating their economic efficiency. The main risks and limitations of modernization processes are analyzed, and prospects for the development of the machine-building industry in Ukraine are outlined. The conclusions of the article confirm that modernization is a key condition for increasing the competitiveness of machine-building enterprises and ensuring sustainable economic development of the state.