TRENDS OF THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC TRACTION IN UKRAINE FOR ROAD TRANSPORT

Abstract

The possibility of using electric traction expanded the market of vehicles, where electric motors began to be used (motorcycles, scooters, buses, trucks, railway transport and airplanes). The prospect of using a hybrid engine (combined drive), in which an internal combustion engine is used together with a battery, should also be considered. Given the high demand for purchasing electric cars, you should thoroughly understand the basic concepts and design of an electric car. Typing of cars with an electric drive is divided into: mild hybrids are characterized by an electric motor, which is used at the moment of starting movement or instantaneous acceleration; hybrids are characterized by a battery of medium capacity, which must be charged through recuperation that occurs during braking; due to additional traction, which helps to save fuel and protect against harmful substances, the amount of which tends to decrease; plug-in hybrids are characterized by powerful batteries, which provides movement for a certain distance without the internal combustion engine, which turns on when the battery power is reduced or during rapid acceleration; full-fledged electric cars. Chinese manufacturers of electric cars proposed to solve the problem of long charging through the mechanism of replacing a discharged battery with a charged one, by equipping special boxes for this purpose. Such an operation is performed automatically, without an operator, and according to time, how to fill a full tank. One of the directions for charging electric cars is contactless, which involves the use of a powerful inductor that will work in automatic mode. Contactless charging can also be carried out while driving from a winding hidden in the road surface. Therefore, the main direction of the introduction of electric traction will be the intensive production of electric cars, stations with electric charging equipment, replacement of batteries of various composition.