NEW DESIGNS OF HEAT ACCUMULATORS FOR THE PRE-START PREPARATION OF CAR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2024.1.5Keywords:
heat accumulator, internal combustion engine, heat exchanger, road transportAbstract
This paper presents the designs of thermal accumulators we have developed for pre-heating of a car engine. We offer a capsule heat accumulator and heat accumulators in the form of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with different pipe structures. Bench and full-scale tests of heat accumulators have been carried out, showing the feasibility of their use for pre-start heating of a car engine, since this ensures starting the engine without preheating in 5–10 s. The result is fuel savings and improved sanitation by reducing engine exhaust emissions. A capsule-type heat accumulator with a staggered arrangement of capsules is proposed. The capsules are secured using gratings, and the mutual placement of the capsules inside the heat accumulator creates channels in it for the flow of coolant, which allows the heat-accumulating substance to be evenly heated. This also makes it possible to intensify the heat exchange process by increasing the speed of the coolant washing them. A design of a heat accumulator with U-shaped tubes has also been proposed, consisting of a double sealed housing with a gap for thermal liquid insulation, in which a tubular electric heater is located, and the internal cavity of the double housing is filled with a phase-transition heat-accumulating material and contains a U-shaped liquid heat exchanger. The pipe for introducing the cooling engine fluid into the heat accumulator is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the pipe for removing the cooling engine liquid from the heat accumulator is equipped with a pump with a solenoid valve. Heat accumulators with a spiral tube and coil pipes are also presented, in which, unlike previous design solutions, the heat-storing material and coolant are located in the same space of a sealed housing, which provides increased heat transfer directly and simplifies the design of the heat accumulator.
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