RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF CARGO ARRANGEMENT IN THE BODY ON THE STABILITY AND LOAD ON THE AXLES OF A CARGO VEHICLE

Abstract

In this article, we consider theoretical aspects and practical recommendations for rational distribution of the load on the axles of a freight vehicle, the purpose of which is to increase safety, stability and efficiency of operation. Today, road transport is developing quite rapidly and the number of road and freight transportation is increasing. The development of road transport allows us to significantly simplify the process of loading and unloading a vehicle, but the issue of distributing the load on the axles of a vehicle remains quite relevant. When driving a loaded vehicle, one of the most important issues is the safety of the driver and other road users. The distribution of the load on the axles is one of the basic issues that affects traffic safety. There are many methods for determining the reactions of the soil on the wheels of a vehicle, but our goal is to find an optimal, fast method for determining the optimal distribution of the load on the axles of a vehicle. A detailed analysis of the methods for calculating the loads on two axles and wheels, which are based in turn on the principles of equilibrium of forces and moments, namely the determination of soil reactions on the wheels depending on the position of the center of gravity. The hook load from the trailer used also poses significant difficulties for drivers when driving a vehicle. The influence of placing the load in the middle of the body on the stability of the vehicle, in particular during maneuvering and braking, is analyzed, which is especially important for reducing axle overload and reducing wear of vehicle components. The influence of the center of gravity shift on the load distribution between the wheels is considered, which allows minimizing the risks of overturning, reducing uneven tire wear and improving road grip. Recommendations are offered for the optimal location of the load in the body, which contributes to achieving a stable position of the vehicle, ensuring safe and economical transportation of goods.